chore: update Go version to 1.24.4 (#18408)

Updates all Go version references in the codebase to use Go 1.24.4.

## Changes
- Update `go.mod` to use Go 1.24.4
- Update `dogfood/coder/Dockerfile` GO_VERSION to 1.24.4  
- Update `.github/actions/setup-go/action.yaml` default version to
1.24.4
- Update `examples/parameters-dynamic-options/variables.yml` to use
golang:1.24

## Testing
- ✅ All Go version references are consistent (verified with
`scripts/check_go_versions.sh`)
- ✅ Build tested successfully with Go 1.24.4
- ✅ Binary runs correctly

Co-authored-by: blink-so[bot] <211532188+blink-so[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: sreya <4856196+sreya@users.noreply.github.com>

.github/actions/setup-go/action.yaml

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ description: |
 inputs:
   version:
     description: "The Go version to use."
-    default: "1.24.2"
+    default: "1.24.4"
   use-preinstalled-go:
     description: "Whether to use preinstalled Go."
     default: "false"

dogfood/coder/Dockerfile

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ RUN cargo install jj-cli typos-cli watchexec-cli
 FROM ubuntu:jammy@sha256:0e5e4a57c2499249aafc3b40fcd541e9a456aab7296681a3994d631587203f97 AS go
 
 # Install Go manually, so that we can control the version
-ARG GO_VERSION=1.24.2
+ARG GO_VERSION=1.24.4
 
 # Boring Go is needed to build FIPS-compliant binaries.
 RUN apt-get update && \

examples/parameters-dynamic-options/variables.yml

@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
-go_image: "bitnami/golang:1.20-debian-11"
+go_image: "bitnami/golang:1.24-debian-11"
 java_image: "bitnami/java:1.8-debian-11"

go.mod

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 module github.com/coder/coder/v2
 
-go 1.24.2
+go 1.24.4
 
 // Required until a v3 of chroma is created to lazily initialize all XML files.
 // None of our dependencies seem to use the registries anyways, so this