diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yaml b/.github/workflows/ci.yaml
index 2b4f69fb2e..64d274d1b4 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/ci.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yaml
@@ -299,6 +299,9 @@ jobs:
       - name: Setup Node
         uses: ./.github/actions/setup-node
 
+      - name: Check Go version
+        run: IGNORE_NIX=true ./scripts/check_go_versions.sh
+
       # Use default Go version
       - name: Setup Go
         uses: ./.github/actions/setup-go
diff --git a/scripts/check_go_versions.sh b/scripts/check_go_versions.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..8349960bd5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/check_go_versions.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+
+# This script ensures that the same version of Go is referenced in all of the
+# following files:
+# - go.mod
+# - dogfood/coder/Dockerfile
+# - flake.nix
+# - .github/actions/setup-go/action.yml
+# The version of Go in go.mod is considered the source of truth.
+
+set -euo pipefail
+# shellcheck source=scripts/lib.sh
+source "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")/lib.sh"
+cdroot
+
+# At the time of writing, Nix only has go 1.22.x.
+# We don't want to fail the build for this reason.
+IGNORE_NIX=${IGNORE_NIX:-false}
+
+GO_VERSION_GO_MOD=$(grep -Eo 'go [0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+' ./go.mod | cut -d' ' -f2)
+GO_VERSION_DOCKERFILE=$(grep -Eo 'ARG GO_VERSION=[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+' ./dogfood/coder/Dockerfile | cut -d'=' -f2)
+GO_VERSION_SETUP_GO=$(yq '.inputs.version.default' .github/actions/setup-go/action.yaml)
+GO_VERSION_FLAKE_NIX=$(grep -Eo '\bgo_[0-9]+_[0-9]+\b' ./flake.nix)
+# Convert to major.minor format.
+GO_VERSION_FLAKE_NIX_MAJOR_MINOR=$(echo "$GO_VERSION_FLAKE_NIX" | cut -d '_' -f 2-3 | tr '_' '.')
+log "INFO : go.mod                   : $GO_VERSION_GO_MOD"
+log "INFO : dogfood/coder/Dockerfile : $GO_VERSION_DOCKERFILE"
+log "INFO : setup-go/action.yaml     : $GO_VERSION_SETUP_GO"
+log "INFO : flake.nix                : $GO_VERSION_FLAKE_NIX_MAJOR_MINOR"
+
+if [ "$GO_VERSION_GO_MOD" != "$GO_VERSION_DOCKERFILE" ]; then
+	error "Go version mismatch between go.mod and dogfood/coder/Dockerfile:"
+fi
+
+if [ "$GO_VERSION_GO_MOD" != "$GO_VERSION_SETUP_GO" ]; then
+	error "Go version mismatch between go.mod and .github/actions/setup-go/action.yaml"
+fi
+
+# At the time of writing, Nix only constrains the major.minor version.
+# We need to check that specifically.
+if [ "$IGNORE_NIX" = "false" ]; then
+	GO_VERSION_GO_MOD_MAJOR_MINOR=$(echo "$GO_VERSION_GO_MOD" | cut -d '.' -f 1-2)
+	if [ "$GO_VERSION_FLAKE_NIX_MAJOR_MINOR" != "$GO_VERSION_GO_MOD_MAJOR_MINOR" ]; then
+		error "Go version mismatch between go.mod and flake.nix"
+	fi
+else
+	log "INFO : Ignoring flake.nix, as IGNORE_NIX=${IGNORE_NIX}"
+fi
+
+log "Go version check passed, all versions are $GO_VERSION_GO_MOD"